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		<title>SITREP: FEBRUARY 2003</title>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Feb 2003 02:28:00 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[By Dan Shea I would like all of the readers to give a warm welcome to Peter G. Kokalis in his new position as our Managing Editor. Peter has had a long and exciting career in photojournalism, as well as the requisite degrees in English composition (B.A.) and the physical sciences (M.S.) necessary to take [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p>By Dan Shea<br><br>I would like all of the readers to give a warm welcome to Peter G. Kokalis in his new position as our Managing Editor. Peter has had a long and exciting career in photojournalism, as well as the requisite degrees in English composition (B.A.) and the physical sciences (M.S.) necessary to take on the job, and over twenty years experience as the Technical Editor of Soldier of Fortune magazine, as well as experience around the world. As such, he brings a wealth of experience to editing a magazine. When you combine his background with his passion for the history and technology of military small arms, you have a perfect match. Peter has been with SAR for almost two years now, and he has fit into our editorial focus quite well, with outstanding in-depth articles on everything from 1920s machine guns to modern small arms, and in addition; his side articles on museums as well as accessories have been authoritative and interesting.<br><br>Our focus remains on military small arms, in all of their facets from the antique to the modern. Peter and I have gone over the editorial mix for the next three months, and I think that you, our readers, will look back from that future point and agree that we have more than “moved up a notch.”<br><br>We will have great articles on antique machine guns and the accessories to them, and pieces on the most modern small arms in various military inventories. The newest inventions for military use will be covered, as well as the most innovative in the civilian market &#8211; an example is our upcoming world exclusive feature on the “Shrike,” the new belt-fed M16/AR-15 upper receiver from Ares Defense. We will have a fascinating look at the origin and development of submachine guns. We’ll be covering civilian shoots, military inventories, museums, accessories, and historical tidbits on small arms.<br><br>I am very excited about the future of SAR. I look forward to being able to concentrate more of my time on the quality and mix of articles we have coming in, as well as spending some more of my time writing articles that have been on the back burner while I was busy editing. I expect that SAR will keep lifting the bar higher for our contributing editors, and I know that Peter and I are already competing with each other regarding who can give the most interesting and in-depth articles to the readers, and from what I am seeing coming in, all of our contributing editors are taking up the challenge as well.<br><br>It is our sincere hope that you, the readers of Small Arms Review, will reap the benefits each and every month. Please continue to send in your ideas of what you would like to see written about.<br><br>On another note, I have extended the “Cookies From Home for Shooters” program, and once again I want to let everyone know that all you have to do is email us with a deployed US military service person’s address who you think would appreciate some good reading, and we will send them some copies of SAR to help keep them well read and motivated. Send me an email at sareview@aol.com and we will get it right out to them. Everybody come home safely.<br><br>&#8211; Dan</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><em>This article first appeared in Small Arms Review V6N5 (February 2003)</em></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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		<title>INDUSTRY NEWS: FEBRUARY 2003</title>
		<link>https://smallarmsreview.com/industry-news-february-2003/</link>
		
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		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Feb 2003 02:27:01 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[By Robert M. Hausman NICS Appeal Process Streamlined The National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) is updating its appeal process for those persons prevented from buying a firearm. Previously, to initiate an appeal, denied persons had to contact NICS by U.S. mail and lengthy delays resulted. NICS estimates 27% of appealed denials are overturned, [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p>By Robert M. Hausman<br><br><strong>NICS Appeal Process Streamlined</strong><br><br>The National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) is updating its appeal process for those persons prevented from buying a firearm. Previously, to initiate an appeal, denied persons had to contact NICS by U.S. mail and lengthy delays resulted. NICS estimates 27% of appealed denials are overturned, allowing the sale to proceed.<br><br>It is expected that the decision to allow the use of e-mail to initiate the appeal will shorten the process by at least one week. To initiate an appeal under the new process, individuals send their name, address and the NICS Transaction Number (NTN) obtained from their dealer to: nicsappeal@leo.gov.<br><br>Handgun sales in Maryland dropped nearly 8% during 2002’s first six months, over the same period in 2001, according to the Maryland State Police. The declines comes after a surge in handgun sales following the Sept. 11th attacks that pushed total handgun sales last year to 31,060, down slightly from 31,174 in 2000. That compares with a recent high of 41,726 handgun sales in 1994. State officials said the state’s “ballistic fingerprint” law that went into effect in Oct. 2000, requiring a fired casing for every handgun sold in the state be filed with state police, contributed to the decline. Maryland has also had compulsory handgun registration for a number of years.<br><br>At a recent meeting of the Maryland Handgun Roster Board, the following handguns were approved for sale in the state:</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Aldo Uberti Russian in .44 Russian</li><li>Bersa Firestorm in .22 LR, .32 ACP &amp; .380 ACP</li><li>Kimber Eclipse Target II in .45 ACP, .38 Super &amp; 9mm</li><li>Nowin MFG Thoroughbred Carry in 9mm, .45 ACP, .40 S&amp;W &amp; 9&#215;23</li><li>Para Ordnance Para Carry C6.45 LDA &amp; Para Companion C7.45LDA in 9mm, .40 &amp; .45 ACP</li><li>Republic Arms SA RAP 401 in 9mm &amp; .40 S&amp;W</li><li>Rock Island Armory Government, Commander and Officers Model in .45 ACP, .38 Super &amp; 9mm.</li><li>STI International Competitor in .38 Super and VIP in 9mm, .38 Super, .357 SIG and .40 S&amp;W</li><li>Springfield Armory XD-9 in 9mm</li><li>Steyr S-9 in 9mm</li><li>Walther P22 in .22 LR and P99-QA in 9mm &amp; .40</li></ul>



<p>The U. S. Marine Corps recently finished testing two arms &#8211; the M4 Carbine and the M16A4 rifle as a replacement for the current M16A2. The shorter M4, now standard issue for U.S. Army infantry troops, is considered the front-runner. Colt’s Manufacturing is a major supplier of the M4 to the U.S. military.</p>



<p>SIGARMS has announced a recall of all Blaser R93 rifles sold in the U.S. after discovering that incorrect pins were used in some trigger assemblies. While specs call for stainless steel pins, some non-stainless pins were inadvertently used in some rifles. If the non-stainless pins corrode from exposure to moisture, the rifle could accidentally discharge once the firing pin has been cocked (in the off-safe position).</p>



<p>SIGARMS, INC. has added two staff members to its law enforcement and military sales division. Al Barr, a former captain of the USMC and a 24-year FBI veteran, is named SIG’s regional manager for Texas, Arkansas, Louisiana and Oklahoma. Dana Owen, a 27-year veteran of the old Massachusetts Metropolitan Police and the Massachusetts State Police, is named inside sales manager for the Eastern U.S. and regional manager for all of Canada, Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont.</p>



<p><strong>Missing Arms</strong></p>



<p>Unable to account for the whereabouts of all firearms in its records, SIG Arms, Inc. has sent a letter to current and former employees, which offered amnesty, for the return of firearms “improperly removed” from its premises, according to The Manchester Union- Leader.</p>



<p>The letter, signed by company chairman and CEO, Herbert Rudolf, stated the amnesty was the result of an inventory audit. “Unfortunately, our investigation has revealed that a number of firearms have been improperly removed from the company’s facilities without proper documentation or the company’s authorization. If SIG Arms receives any firearm under this amnesty program, then the company’s investigation will cease as to that firearm,” he wrote. The letter does not state how many firearms are missing.</p>



<p>Robert Joyce, SIG Arms’ attorney, said part of the issue could be that serial numbers were put on firearm frames and recorded in the company’s records, but that the frames might have later been destroyed for quality control reasons, without a deletion made in the records. “And understanding human nature, there is always the possibility that some of the firearms were improperly taken from the premises,” Joyce added. “SIG Arms is investigating.”</p>



<p>The FBI, INS and other federal agencies have recently reported some 775 missing or stolen guns, some of which were subsequently used in crimes, notes AP. Four hundred laptop computers are also missing, an audit by the Justice Dept.’s Office of Inspector General has found.</p>



<p>Most of the missing guns (750) had belonged to the FBI. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) agents lost 212 guns. “The FBI showed serious deficiencies in management in keeping track of weapons and laptops,” said Inspector General Glenn A. Fine. The Bureau of Prisons, Drug Enforcement Administration, and U.S. Marshals Service each had fewer than 16 guns missing.</p>



<p><strong>Company Financials</strong></p>



<p>Increased net sales and income for the second quarter are reported by Sturm, Ruger &amp; Co. Second quarter net sales of $39.8 million were achieved compared to $37.7 million in the second quarter of 2001. Net income for the quarter ended June 30, 2002 totaled $2.9 million or 11 cents per share versus $1.8 million or 7 cents per share in the comparable quarter of 2001.</p>



<p>For 2002’s first six months, net sales were $88.2 million and net income $7.4 million, or 28 cents per share. For the same period in 2001, net sales were $81.5 million and net income was $5.9 million or 22 cents per share.</p>



<p>Chairman William B. Ruger, Jr. said, “Firearms shipments increased 17% in the second quarter, the fourth consecutive quarter of firearm sales growth.” Commenting on the investment castings business, Ruger remarked, “Our castings sales decreased 22% from the second quarter of 2001 and 25% from the first half of 2001. However, the 11% increase in castings sales from the first quarter of 2002 is one indication that progress is being made to revive this segment which is currently under-performing.”</p>



<p>The second quarter showed continued progress on the litigation front, noted Stephen L. Sanetti, vice chairman, senior executive vp and general counsel. Philadelphia did not attempt to further appeal the dismissal of its municipal lawsuit, which brought the matter to a long-awaited end. Several “absolute liability” individual plaintiffs’ cases were dismissed in New York, the highest court in Maryland rejected a request for rehearing its dismissal of the Halliday case, and the similar Price case was dismissed. Unfortunately, the dismissal of the Cincinnati municipal lawsuit, which had been sustained on appeal, was reversed by the Ohio Supreme Court on June 12, by a 4 &#8211; 3 vote on straight ideological lines and sent back to the trial court for more proceedings.</p>



<p>Erle G. Blanchard, vice chairman, president &amp; COO, honored the memory of the company’s founder, William B. Ruger, “On July 6, 2002, the company, the industry and the country lost a passionate champion and visionary with the passing of Bill Ruger. Our employees are determined to continue the tradition of hard work and excellence that Ruger exemplified during his active life with the company. The continued success of this company, its products, and the preservation of the rights of law-abiding citizens to keep and bear arms will be his legacy.”</p>



<p>A spike in ammunition sales enabled Remington Arms Co. to triple its profit to $4.3 million in the second quarter, compared to a profit of $1.5 million in the second quarter of 2001. Second quarter 2002 sales were $95.3 million, versus $86.7 million last year. For 2002’s first six months, sales totaled $191.7 million, some $14.4 million more than the comparable period in 2001. Net earnings for 2002’s first half was $9.7 million, versus $5.1 million a year earlier.</p>



<p>Ammunition sales were the driving force behind the second quarter’s improved results as the sales of $34.5 million were about 18.2% higher than the $29.2 million recorded a year earlier. Ammo sales during 2002’s first half came to $67.1 million, a gain of $10.4 million over the same period a year earlier. While sales were strong in virtually all categories, center rifle cartridges and the new HeviShot line were especially so.</p>



<p>Firearms sales came to $48.6 million during the second quarter, up 3.6% from the year before. The $1.7 million increase was attributed to higher sales of shotguns and rimfire rifles, along with stronger pricing of center fire rifles. For the first six months, firearms sales totaled $100.5 million, a $3.7 million gain over the same period in 2001. Much of this increase was attributed to stronger sales of center fire rile models 700, 710 and the M24.</p>



<p>Sales of accessories, fishing line and other items, were up $1.6 million during the quarter, a gain of 15% over the comparable period a year earlier. During the first six months of 2002, these categories generated $24.1 million in sales, a rise of $300,000 from a year earlier. Gun parts, targets and gun safes led the gain.</p>



<p>Rising ammunition sales also helped ATK record a 32% gain in sales during its first fiscal quarter. Sales totaled $520 million, up 32% from the $395 million recorded a year earlier. Revenues from the ammunition and other businesses bought last December from Blount International fueled the increase.</p>



<p>The ammunition group sales of $157 million were nearly double last year’s $79 million. The company won a $92 million contract to produce small arms ammunition for the U.S. Army during the quarter. Earnings before taxes, depreciation, interest and amortization for the first fiscal quarter were $84.2 million, versus $65.2 million a year earlier. Per share earnings were $2.14 in the quarter, compared to $1.96 in the same quarter last year.</p>



<p>The Winchester Ammunition division of Olin Corp. posted a strong second quarter, with sales of $65 million and operating income of $2.9 million. A year earlier, sales were $62.4 million and operating income $2.3 million.</p>



<p>For 2002’s first six months, Winchester had $126.8 million in sales, up $8.8 million from the $118 million it recorded a year ago. Operating income for 2002’s first half was $6.3 million, nearly quadruple the $1.6 million made last year.</p>



<p>Michaels of Oregon is consolidating all manufacturing operations into a new 100,000-sq.-ft. facility in Meridian, Idaho. The firm’s Boise, Idaho operation is also moving to Meridian as is the Butler Creek unit. The Hoppe’s division in Coatesville, Pennsylvania is relocating to Meridian as well.</p>



<p>Firearms Training Systems, Inc. says it has resumed trading its common stock securities on OTC under the symbol FATS. The firm has received an additional contract award from the Australian Defense Forces for two additional Weapons Training Simulation Systems. The contract’s value is $1.2 million (U.S.). CEO Ron Mohling commented, “This recent award shall bring to a total of 12 Weapons Training Simulation Systems facilities within ADF. A further twelve Indirect Forward Observer trainers used for artillery training are also in operation.</p>



<p>Davidson’s, the firearms distributor, has pledged a gift of $100,000 to establish the Davidson’s Law Enforcement Endowment of the NRA Foundation. The gift will be used to help permanently fund the NRA’s National Police Shooting Championships, conducted as part of NRA’s Law Enforcement Training Program for police agencies.</p>



<p>Federal Cartridge Co., an 800-employee firm, is 80-years old and since being acquired by Alliant Techsystems (ATK) in December 2001, the brand has enjoyed renewed vigor. “Having a successful parent company like ATK certainly helps in many aspects,” says Ron Petty, vp/ sales &amp; marketing for the ATK Ammunition and Related Products group. “The acquisition has provided resources to go head-to-head against key competitors, and provided an opportunity to distinguish and leverage each of the Federal brands. Dealers and consumers will be seeing a lot more from Federal and the other brands this fall,” Petty promised.</p>



<p>Bushmaster Firearms raised $738 for the National Breast Cancer Foundation by running a DCM rifle raffle at the national matches at Camp Perry. Richard Dalton of Ohio held the winning ticket. The idea for the promotion came about from a call from Clariza Kern, a competitive high power rifle shooter who was recently diagnosed with metastic breast cancer. As a result of her condition, Kern found the hefty recoil of her .308 M1 rifle becoming unbearable. Kern felt that a .223 Bushmaster rifle, with its recoil absorbing gas operating system, would be the key to allow her to continue her competitive shooting. Bushmaster loaned her a rifle for use at the matches while raffle tickets for the rifle were sold during the event, with all proceeds donated to the National Breast Cancer Foundation.</p>



<p>The Newport, Kentucky Police Dept. has become the first to use Accu-Counter, a new technology that records the time, date and number of shots fired from an officer’s handgun. “When it comes down to a situation where an officer has to use his firearm in the line of duty, this documents how many rounds are fired and what time frame they’re fired in,” said police chief Tom Fromme. Accu-Counter operates via a microchip that provides an indestructible, tamper-proof record of the gun’s activity. Information is downloaded from the gun after use by sweeping a scanner across a screwhead-sized window on the gun’s grip. Currently, the only other reported user of Accu-Counter is the U.S. military.</p>



<p><em>The author publishes two of the small arms industry’s most widely read trade newsletters. The International Firearms Trade covers the world firearms scene, and The New Firearms Business covers the domestic market. Visit&nbsp;<a href="http://www.firearmsgroup.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">www.FirearmsGroup.com</a>. He may be reached at:&nbsp;<a href="mailto:FirearmsB@aol.com">FirearmsB@aol.com</a>.</em></p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><em>This article first appeared in Small Arms Review V6N5 (February 2003)</em></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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		<title>EXTREME DRAGUNOV</title>
		<link>https://smallarmsreview.com/extreme-dragunov/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[SAR Staff]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Feb 2003 02:21:00 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[By Michael Shyne Harry Scarlett and Robert Blankenship, of Spencer Gun Company in Portland, TN, do remarkable work on Browning .50 caliber machine guns. Recently, Robert was returning a World War II Hi-Standard to me and brought along one of his experiments. I want to be clear in this brief article. This is not intended [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p><em>By Michael Shyne</em></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignleft size-full"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="700" height="466" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/002-32.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28504" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/002-32.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/002-32-300x200.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>The .50-110 cartridge actually fits in the Dragunov magazine. These shell casings were made from expanded, stretched .348 Winchester brass.</figcaption></figure>
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<p>Harry Scarlett and Robert Blankenship, of Spencer Gun Company in Portland, TN, do remarkable work on Browning .50 caliber machine guns. Recently, Robert was returning a World War II Hi-Standard to me and brought along one of his experiments. I want to be clear in this brief article. This is not intended to be instruction, nor encouragement for anyone to do the experimental research Robert Blankenship is pursuing. That caveat noted, Robert told me he was bringing a Winchester Model 71 and a Chinese Dragunov re-worked to handle a smokeless powder version of the .50-110 cartridge. When he told me this, I figured I misinterpreted something he was saying and thought I’d wait until he arrived to see what he was really talking about.<br><br>Shooting a smokeless version of the old .50-110 buffalo hunters’ cartridge in a Winchester Model 71 is outlandish. Shooting it in a Chinese Dragunov sniper rifle is extreme. Needless to say, the recoil would be stout if it wasn’t for an extraordinary muzzle break Robert designed and installed on both rifles. Yevgeniy Dragunov would be impressed!<br><br>Spencer Rifle Company<br>145 CB&amp;L Lane<br>Portland, TN 37148<br>Phone: 615-325-3551</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><em>This article first appeared in Small Arms Review V6N5 (February 2003)</em></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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		<title>BARRETT’S 25MM “PAYLOAD RIFLE”</title>
		<link>https://smallarmsreview.com/barretts-25mm-payload-rifle/</link>
		
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		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Feb 2003 02:21:00 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[By Charles Q. Cutshaw Historically, the most important single attribute of any military system whether it is a rifle, tank, aircraft or ship is its capability to be modified and improved to meet evolving operational requirements. In small arms, a classic example of this capability is the venerable M16 rifle and its derivatives that have [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p>By Charles Q. Cutshaw<br><br>Historically, the most important single attribute of any military system whether it is a rifle, tank, aircraft or ship is its capability to be modified and improved to meet evolving operational requirements. In small arms, a classic example of this capability is the venerable M16 rifle and its derivatives that have served the United States longer than any military small arm in the nation’s history. Weapons that have this ability are rare, but do occasionally come upon the scene. It now appears that Barrett’s M82A1 antimaterial rifle is likewise capable of being adapted to changing requirements.<br><br>Some months ago, Barrett Firearms was approached by an American military organization to develop a semiautomatic “payload rifle,” actually a semiautomatic grenade launcher. This new grenade launcher would fire the 25x59Bmm Objective Crew Served Weapon (OCSW) cartridge, be semiautomatic, magazine-fed and would be capable of being transported and fired by a single individual.<br></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img decoding="async" width="700" height="402" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/002-33.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28508" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/002-33.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/002-33-300x172.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>Payload muzzle brake. In addition to the buffers and extra recoil springs the muzzle brake is necessary to reduce bolt velocity and felt recoil. The brake is so effective that the recoil operated M82 will not function with it installed. It may be used with Barrettís bolt action rifles.</figcaption></figure>
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<p><br>Developing a grenade launcher was not a new idea for Ronnie Barrett, CEO of Barrett. Some years ago, when he saw the Russian AGS-17, he realized that the cartridge could be fired in a weapon similar in size to the .50 caliber M82A1 rifle. Unfortunately, there was no 30mm ammunition available for use in developing a rifle and so the project languished until recently, when the ammunition for the OCSW program proved to be an almost ideal size for such a rifle. Meantime, United States special operations elements were seeking an improved method to defeat lightly armored targets, such as light vehicles, communications facilities, crew served weapons and aircraft on the ground. This type of operation is typically conducted using a .50 caliber rifle similar to Barrett’s M82A1, but an explosive warhead would have vastly improved terminal ballistics, hence the need for what came to be called a “payload rifle.”<br><br>The 25x59Bmm OCSW round was chosen not only for its size, but because it represents the best tradeoff between lethality and the ability to be launched from a man-fired weapon, as opposed to a ground or vehicle mounted system like the OCSW itself. The 25x59Bmm cartridge is intended primarily to be an antipersonnel round in the OCSW, but in the “payload rifle,” its primary use is as an antimaterial round. In this role, it is virtually an ideal cartridge because its time of flight and trajectory to 2,000 meters is only marginally less than the .50 Browning Machine Gun (BMG) round, while the 25mm round suffers no degradation of terminal effects, unlike the .50 BMG round which depends upon kinetic energy for its terminal effects.</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img decoding="async" width="700" height="539" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/003-27.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28509" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/003-27.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/003-27-300x231.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>Payload rifle magazine. It is identical to the M82 .50BMG with the addition of a spacer to accommodate the shorter 25mm round.</figcaption></figure>
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<p><br><br>There has been some debate regarding the terminal effectiveness of both the 20mm Objective Individual Combat Weapon (OICW) rounds and the 25mm OCSW projectile, and it is not our purpose here to enter into the debate. Suffice it to say that with the latest developments in fuze miniaturization, there should be sufficient explosive/payload volume in the 25mm projectile for it to be more than adequate for its intended use in the Payload Rifle.<br><br>The requirement was passed to Barrett, who rather than designing a totally new rifle, began working on a conversion unit to fit the lower receiver of the company’s M82A1 with little or no modification. This was not as simple as it may sound. The recoil impulse of the 25x59Bmm round is significantly higher than the .50 Browning cartridge, necessitating either that there be internal changes to the M82’s lower receiver, or that the 25mm upper receiver itself somehow be redesigned to handle the added recoil.<br><br>The first question that may be asked is just what advantages a 25mm Payload Rifle offers over the current M82A1 chambered for the potent .50 BMG cartridge. This cartridge has been the premier round for antimaterial rifles worldwide and at first blush, it would seem that the proposed 25mm Payload Rifle offers little improvement over the existing weapon. This, of course, is far from reality. The 25mm round provides a lightweight system that can be carried by a single individual. The 25mm round also will carry a high explosive or shaped charge warhead, while the venerable .50 BMG is essentially limited to kinetic energy projectiles. While the 25mm has no greater range than the .50 BMG cartridge, it delivers a much more effective projectile to the target. Thus, it offers a significant improvement in lethality to the user without resort to a crew-served system like the Objective Crew Served Weapon. The Payload Rifle’s fire control is straightforward and consists of a MIL-STD-1913 rail mount. The current prototype is fitted with a proprietary Barrett 32mm diameter telescopic sight, but virtually any optic can be fitted, including night vision devices. Barrett’s 25mm Payload Rifle does not have the sophisticated fire control and is not intended for use with the programmable types of ammunition for the OCSW. This is intentional, to speed development and reduce costs.</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="458" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/004-24.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28510" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/004-24.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/004-24-300x196.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>Interior of the ìdrop-onî 25mm upper receiver. You can see the two additional recoil springs and one of the two buffers is just visible at the bottom.</figcaption></figure>
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<p><br><br>Barrett decided to make as few changes as possible to the M82A1’s lower receiver and incorporate as much of the new weapon’s recoil management system as possible in the conversion unit itself. This was achieved in part by designing a new, more effective muzzle brake. This new brake is so effective in reducing recoil that the short recoil operated M82A1 rifle will not function properly with it installed. Since it is more effective than Barrett’s current brake, however, the new brake will probably be incorporated into Barrett’s bolt-action rifles. The new muzzle brake, however, is only part of the story. The bolt speed of any semiautomatic or automatic weapon is a critical element, as it affects every component of the recoil management system. Bolt speed of the M82A1 rifle is 250 inch/seconds and the M82A1’s recoil spring is designed to accommodate that velocity. Hence, the Payload Rifle’s bolt velocity had to be held to M82A1 levels. At the same time, bolt velocity affects extraction and ejection in several ways. Without entering into excessive technical detail, if velocity is too fast, extraction may be too sudden and case head separation may result. Barrett’s solution to the second aspect of recoil was two extra barrel return springs and two hydraulic buffers in the conversion unit. These impart motion into the receiver as soon as the barrel begins to move to the rear. The buffers reduce the bolt velocity to an acceptable level, although carrier velocity is still slightly higher than that of the M82A1. The barrel’s motion is also reduced to ensure a smooth extraction.<br><br>The Payload Rifle’s magazine body is carried over from the M82A1, with a front spacer to accommodate the shorter 25mm grenade cartridge. There is, of course, a new magazine spring and follower specifically for the new round. In theory, at least, existing M82A1 magazines could be modified using kits consisting of spacer, spring and follower.<br><br>Barrett’s Payload Rifle retains the short recoil operation of the M82A1. The lower receiver must be modified slightly to accommodate the 25mm upper, but the M82A1 upper receiver can be reinstalled after the modification, which can be carried out by depot level maintenance organizations. Thus, any military force that has a Barrett M82A1 can convert to the Payload Rifle by simply purchasing an upper receiver and magazines. The 25mm rifle will, of course, be available as a complete system in addition to a conversion unit.<br><br>The weapon, however, is only a part of the overall system, and at the moment the only ammunition available for the 25mm payload rifle is target practice (TP) ammunition. We have already discussed some aspects of the 25x59Bmm cartridge that the rifle fires, but the lack of an explosive projectile limits the utility of the payload rifle. Indeed, the solid 25mm projectile’s ballistics are actually inferior to those of the .50 caliber projectiles fired from current antimaterial rifles. OCSW ammunition is planned to be a remotely settable “smart” airbursting munition with point detonating (PD) backup, along with a shaped charge round. While the shaped charge round would have some utility in the payload rifle, a high explosive PD round would also be highly desirable. Moreover, the OCSW explosive ammunition is not due to enter production for several years. For purposes of Barrett’s payload Rifle, a simple point detonating (PD) fuze is all that is required for the high explosive variant along with a point initiating base detonating (PIBD) fuze for the shaped charge round. This round should cost significantly less than the “smart” 25mm rounds under development for the US Army’s OCSW. Barrett is currently exploring development and production of such rounds with an independent ammunition design and development corporation. If negotiations are successful and the design meets military specifications, the Barrett Payload Rifle could be in the hands of military forces within two years.<br></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="323" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/005-20.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28511" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/005-20.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/005-20-300x138.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>The 25mm Payload Rifle on top compared with the M82A3 on bottom.</figcaption></figure>
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<p><br>Shooting the Barrett Payload Rifle using TP ammunition was essentially uneventful. Since the TP round is ballistically matched to the HE cartridge, shooting TP is a close approximation of the actual service rounds. We fired the rifle at Barrett’s facility in Murfreesboro, Tennessee and at 100 yards; it was accurate to approximately 1 1/2 minute of angle. Recoil was, in a word, stout, but we did not find it excessive or unpleasant. In terms of felt recoil, the Payload Rifle approximated that of a 12-gauge 3.5-inch magnum shotgun. This is an admittedly subjective assessment. The author is over six feet (1.8 meters) tall and weighs some 200 pounds (91kg), which helps attenuate felt recoil. We fired the Payload Rifle from the prone position using Barrett’s standard bipod. The bipod mount also helps attenuate felt recoil, as does firing from the prone position. After firing five rounds, we experienced no perceptible aftereffects. The rifle did not leave bruises on our shoulder, but this is attributable as much to individual training as it is to the rifle’s recoil management. Despite this, the US Army states that the payload rifle’s recoil currently exceeds established limits. That said, the Army’s standards measure only the peak recoil impulse, not recoil as a function of time, which is a major component of felt recoil. Regardless, the excess recoil is not an insoluble problem and can be reduced by careful design.<br><br>All in all, Barrett’s Payload Rifle is a notable response to a priority military requirement. The design was consummated and a operational prototype manufactured in only two months, a tribute to Barrett’s responsiveness and ingenuity. The rifle itself is essentially finished and lacks only HE ammunition to be ready for fielding. Once the ammunition is developed for this innovative rifle, it will add a significant new capability to special operations and infantry forces. Moreover, for those armies that already use the Barrett M82A1, the Payload Rifle modular upgrade offers an inexpensive alternative to costly new systems.<br><br><strong>Barrett 25x59Bmm Payload Rifle Specifications</strong><br><br>Operation: Short Recoil</p>



<p>Magazine capacity: 4 rounds</p>



<p>Weight: 30.5 lbs</p>



<p>Length: 45.9 inches</p>



<p>Barrel length: 17.5 inches</p>



<p>Max Effective Range: 2,000 meters</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><em>This article first appeared in Small Arms Review V6N5 (February 2003)</em></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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		<title>.50 CAL RIFLE &#038; MACHINE SHOOT SPRING 2002</title>
		<link>https://smallarmsreview.com/50-cal-rifle-machine-shoot-spring-2002/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[SAR Staff]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Feb 2003 02:20:00 +0000</pubDate>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://dev.smallarmsreview.com/?p=2979</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[By Vic Fogle Imagine that you want to put on the best possible long-range rifle and machine gun shoot. And let’s say that you’ve somehow found a magic catalog from which you can order the exact features and qualities that you want. Which would you select? You’d start with a place not too far from [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p>By Vic Fogle<br><br>Imagine that you want to put on the best possible long-range rifle and machine gun shoot. And let’s say that you’ve somehow found a magic catalog from which you can order the exact features and qualities that you want. Which would you select?<br><br>You’d start with a place not too far from the geographic center of the nation, comfortably away from large cities, yet close enough to a major airport that people can fly in and rent cars to get there. Pleasant location in one of our most beautiful states is a plus. It should not be too hot, not too cold, not too rainy and not too dusty. You’d want a lot of distance, too-enough so that it would be genuinely exciting to search way out to a distant target with a .50 caliber rifle or 20mm or light artillery piece. That it would have to be safe, with a controllable firing line, goes without saying.<br><br>Having chosen such an ideal physical setting, next you’d search the catalog’s administrative personnel column for the option that offers “people, experienced shooters themselves who have been around and know what it takes for a memorable shoot and who are not afraid of the work involved to make it happen.”<br><br>You’d want targets that can be engaged at the better part of a mile, so they must be reactive in nature. Old cars and propane tanks react in various manners and should do nicely. There should be enough dust down range so that bullet impacts are readily apparent.<br><br>Two or three days’ duration would be an ideal length for this fun event. These are the features that would make a fine shoot by anybody’s standards. But suppose you were given an unlimited budget to complement your wish list, so that you could extravagantly throw in all the desirable add-on options. Able to go for broke you’d want to be able to shoot tracers and incendiaries and to be able to spot hits from even the small calibers. You’d want 10-foot firing points, a Saturday night shoot, equipment unloading right at the firing line, camping and rest rooms nearby, displayed and operating military vehicles, really good food, easy and widely available gun rental, and unusual pieces such as artillery and blowing ball mortars. In other words, you’d try to put on an RMGO Shoot.<br><br>The Rocky Mountain Gun Owners seem to have found such a catalog. They may be keeping it under lock and key, but event attendees were the beneficiaries, for they were able to enjoy all of these blessings at the May 3-5, 2002, .50 Caliber BMG Rifle and Machine Gun Fun Shoot in Morgan County, Colorado. If only the firing line could be expanded further!<br><br>Word seemed to get around after last September’s breakthrough presentation that this was a fine gathering that would only get better. So the firing line was expanded to at least 55 firing points and the maximum shooting distance increased from 1,200 to 1,500 yards. Even the expanded firing line completely sold out. It was, in the opinion of most of the attendees, a shoot not to be missed.<br><br>I turn off I-25 onto Colorado State Route 52 and head east, secure in the knowledge that I am still “found.” I have gone but a short distance when I see the first sign, proclaiming “.50 cal. 32 mi.” It is brief, to the point, reassuring, and it will probably not frighten any Boulder soccer moms. Making the trip in daylight is definitely better than arriving after dark. I later learn that there are signs anticipating every mistake people could make and guiding them back to the shooting location.<br><br>Well away from the mountains, this part of Colorado is grassland tipping rolling sand hills. The saucer shaped shoot site was, I am told, once a reservoir. Targets have been placed on the level bottom. This bottom has been plowed before last September’s shoot, but now it is smooth and will produce more dust that will show bullet impacts. The part of the rough circle closest to the firing line is 200 yards away, while the far side is about 800. The firing line is part way up the saucer toward the rim, with camping and parking farther yet.<br><br>When I arrive early Friday afternoon, shooting has yet begun, but the firing line is nevertheless a busy place. Shooters are able to drive right to their firing points with no fences or bench rests to get in their way. The diverse vehicles bear a miscellany of license plates, with some from as far away as New York and Massachusetts. Shooters are busily erecting shad canopies or mesh tents, tying them down, and installing tarps to provide flooring.<br><br>Several “junker” cars have been placed as targets, and they have been augmented by scores of decommissioned propane tanks of all sizes. No one knows which, if any, of the tanks contain propane, and during the course of shooting there are occasional fiery explosions or puffs of white smoke. State law requires that propane tanks have a hole punched in them before they can be recycled, and shooters have gathered to do just that. At about 600 yards is a construct known as Osama bin Laden’s airplane, while a couple of hundred yards closer is a wooden building that we are told is his summer place. Several range finders are in use among the better-equipped shooters who are determining exact distances and determining how much elevation to add to their present settings.<br><br>Eventually, the Friday shooter meeting is held, with the principal topics being requests not to crossfire across the impact area and letting people know what will be expected of them when there is a cease fire.<br><br>Shooting begins as participants continue to arrive in motor homes, trailers, pickups, cars, and vans-even motorcycles. This is definitely a shoot for those intending to camp on the grounds.<br><br>There are other ways to characterize it, too. It is obvious that the attendees like to shoot at a distance. Although a few people, mainly on the south end of the line, have brought stand-up steel frames with hanging gongs on them at which they shot with handguns and sub guns, the closest “official” targets are at 200 yards. A fair number of military rifles in 5.56x45mm NATO and .30 calibers are in evidence, principally AR-15s, M-16s, FALs, and M1As. Similarly, there is a good representation of light and medium machine guns, including M1917 and M1919 Brownings, MG42s, MG08s, a Bren gun and M60s.<br><br>But any visitor would be struck by the obvious enthusiasm for guns that will be effective beyond short range. There are .50s of all descriptions, including Ma Deuces of both automatic and semi-automatic capabilities. Rifles range from Barretts though Boys military arms to some competition style turn-bolt rifles. One of the latter is built with a large bedding block and weighs 150 pounds. Gun supports range from prone shooters resting their guns on the magazines or on bipods to as-issued and modified machine gun mounts, while others appear with portable bench rests topped with stands of all descriptions.<br><br>Some parents have brought their children to see the guns, but most people have come to shoot and want their children to get the experience. Spectators are charged an eminently reasonable $5 per day, and there is no further restriction on whether they can shoot, beyond agreeing with the gun owner on the rental fee. Many family groups take photos or video of each other, as well.<br><br>There are a few businesses represented, but most of the commercial activity is from those with guns to rent. The largest renter is Denver Bullets, Inc., whose domain encompasses four firing points. Surprised by the amount of business they did last September, DBI has reputedly brought 70,000 rounds of ammo, along with about 20 guns. They seem to be constantly busy, and frequently the queue of renters extends almost across the access road behind the line. Many of the shooters have not come specifically to rent guns, but most are willing to accommodate attendees and recoup some of their expenses. The rental asked for .50-caliber tracer was frequently $2.50 or $3 per round.<br><br>Popular as the .50s were, the real crowds gathered whenever it was announced that one of the bigger attractions would be fired soon. Several of the best-equipped shooters had either Finnish Lahti or Swiss Solothurn anti-tank rifles, both of which were made in 20mm. These models launched their 2,270-grain projectiles down range at approximately 2,625 feet per second. Even larger was the 25mm Hotchkiss artillery piece that had been recently restored to service by a Colorado enthusiast. And appearing once more was an immaculate 37mm Bofors artillery piece, which was the center of much attention.<br><br>Not a recognized caliber-although possibly a “16 pounder” of sorts-are the bowling ball mortars. Last September there had been two or three in use; this time there were no fewer than six. One of the most interesting novelty items ever seen on firing lines, these mortars constantly drew attention and good-humored admiration. They are usually made of upended industrial gas cylinders whose bottoms have been cut off and whose former tops have been fitting with a ball to contact a base plate and with an ignition mechanism. Along with the ball in the base plate, two supporting legs allow crude aiming. A surprisingly small charge of cannon powder is loaded from the top and a bowling ball placed over it. Upon firing, accuracy is not great, but height, range and viewer satisfaction are. These are deservedly popular pieces, which add greatly to any fun shoot. At this one, several of the balls had been drilled for tracer cores from fixed ammunition, and so the happy crowd could much more easily follow the trajectory of each tracer-equipped ball, especially in darkness. So high were some of the balls shot, however, that the trace ended before the ball returned to earth!<br><br>Late afternoon Friday saw another novelty down range, a car running under its own power with the steering wheel tied to one side so that it would slowly make large circles. Unfortunately, however, it was only about 300 or 350 yards down range, and the larger calibers topped it before it had made a single complete circle.<br><br>The evening crowd greatly enjoyed tannerite charges put on top of the target cars and on the tops of posts driven into the ground.<br><br>Beginning bright and early Saturday morning, people came pouring into the shoot area. Particularly noticeable were the military vehicles. There were American jeeps, a staff car, a half-track, and large trucks. A lowboy with enormous teeth whimsically added to the top and bottom of the tractor’s grille arrived bearing a scout car and Stuart tank. An entrepreneur in the Denver area has apparently been doing a substantial business importing surplus six-wheeled military trucks from Europe, for there were enough Steyr Puch Pinzgauers to make the middle part of the firing line resemble a staging area (Pinzgauer Park?). Shoot officials had requested that attendees not wear camouflage clothing, and most acceded to this request, but many of those accompanying the vehicles were re-enactors who wore period uniforms, principally American Army World War II, and added vividness to the displays. Some of these people shot truck-mounted guns, and one mentioned on Sunday morning that he and renters had put 3,500 rounds through a semiautomatic M1919 Browning mounted on his jeep. He also expressed mixed feeling about the prospect of driving his jeep the return trip of 250 miles up into Wyoming.<br><br>Also on Saturday morning conservative talk show host Johnny Rowland took over the announcing duties for the day. His shows, “The Johnny Rowland Show” and “Thinking Right,” are staples of the American Freedom Network’s station KHNC in Johnstown, Colorado.<br><br>With a throng of eager people on hand to cheer them, the shooters loosely separated into two factions for the challenging job of perforating the many propane cylinders. The machine gunners did their best, but some of their mounts allowed the guns to move excessively during bursts, while other gunners had not mastered the finer points of locking their T&amp;E’s before firing for effect. Moreover, the relative flatness of the impact area exaggerated the apparent width of their misses.<br><br>It appeared that the riflemen gave a better account of themselves in what must have been a sniper’s paradise. There were numerous two-man teams, with one member shooting and the other spotting. One man described himself as “just a farmer from over by the Kansas line.” But he had discerning taste in picking effective rifles, and he took advantage of the dust to get an idea of how much windage and elevation to add at various distances as he worked over the down range targets. He said he wouldn’t have traded his shooting for any that he saw coming from machine guns. Similarly, one competitive .50 caliber rifleman, who probably prefers to remain anonymous, was seen with a match rifle on the north end of the range lobbing tracer after tracer into a 700-yard target and enjoying himself hugely.<br><br>Many of the renters, unfamiliar with tracers, were absolutely fascinated by them. After all, they were seeing bullets in flight, just as one can see arrows, and they wanted to keep shooting so that they could make each shot better than the one before it. One lad, who wasn’t very big, got started with a Boys rifle and seemed to take to it instinctively. He was extremely accurate with it, and his father gladly paid for approximately fifteen shots and declined the opportunity to shoot it himself, so happy was he with his son’s performance. Yet another feature of the shoot were the accuracy matches in which the riflemen could demonstrate their prowess. The course of fire was a single shot at 200 yards. The shooter began a short distance from a bench rest or shooting mat with an empty rifle and a single cartridge in his hand. On the “go” signal he had 15 seconds to move forward to the mat or bench, assume a shooting position, load the rifle and fire the shot at a gallon jug filled with water. In case of a tie, all those on that relay who had hit the target repeated the exercise at 300 yards, etc. This course provided the maximum of speed of operation and spectator appeal and with rows of jugs already placed at 200, 300, 400 and 500 yards, there was no target setting necessary. The winner would get half the total entry fee for that relay, with the other half going to a local needy family. The winners of both the any sight and iron sight matches wound up donating their winnings to the family as well.<br><br>The Saturday night shoot consisted partly of dynamite set up down range. Once it had been exploded, however, most shooters succumbed to fatigue, darkness and cold, and the line shut down relatively early.<br><br>On Sunday, after the final shooter’s meeting, those with ammo remaining, shot until noon, vowing to return and do it all again. The total number of attendees surpassed 1,500.<br><br>This was a very pleasant and satisfying fun shoot, run safely and without major glitches. Without doubt it advanced the shooting sports. First, it helped to popularize sport shooting, especially the long-range variety, in Colorado. Second, it contributed to family bonding in a shared experience. Third, it spread knowledge of recreational shooting as a pleasant activity among those who might have been ignorant of it or prejudiced against it. Fourth, it resulted in a greater appreciation of their own ability to hit distant targets among the riflemen. Fifth, the opportunity to see and shoot a wide variety of guns resulted in an increase of knowledge of and appreciation for the products of generations of arms designers, and sixth, the shoot resulted in a direct gain of 50 members for Rocky Mountain Gun Owners.<br><br>So when is the next one? That’s a good question. Updates on future plans are available from: Bo McBride, 303-934-1915 or E-mail fcsavhp@hotmail.com; James McCutchan, 720-283-2444; Paul Walukewicz, 303-452-1780; RMFCSA, 6585 W. Mississippi Place, Lakewood, CO 80232 or www.frfcsa.org; RMGO, Box 3114, Denver, CO 80201 or 970-842-3006 or E-mail exdir@rmgo.org or www.rmgo.org</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><em>This article first appeared in Small Arms Review V6N5 (February 2003)</em></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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		<title>CIVILIAN MARKSMANSHIP PROGRAM: HONORING MARKSMANSHIP OF THE PAST AND PREPARING MARKSMEN FOR THE FUTURE</title>
		<link>https://smallarmsreview.com/civilian-marksmanship-program-honoring-marksmanship-of-the-past-and-preparing-marksmen-for-the-future/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[SAR Staff]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Feb 2003 02:19:00 +0000</pubDate>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://dev.smallarmsreview.com/?p=2976</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[By Doug Hollberg Just picture thousands upon thousands of .30 M1Garand and ’03 Springfield rifles on racks, carts and boxes waiting to be purchased by qualified shooters and collectors of our country. Unbelievable as it sounds in this age of political correctness, Congress has made this vision reality at the Civilian Marksmanship Program in Anniston, [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p>By Doug Hollberg<br><br><em>Just picture thousands upon thousands of .30 M1Garand and ’03 Springfield rifles on racks, carts and boxes waiting to be purchased by qualified shooters and collectors of our country. Unbelievable as it sounds in this age of political correctness, Congress has made this vision reality at the Civilian Marksmanship Program in Anniston, Alabama.</em><br><br>These rifles defended this country and our allies for over half a century. The Doughboy returning from World War I was no longer satisfied with anything less that the .30-06 Springfield as his hunting rifle of choice. John Garand’s famous .30 M1 battle rifle gave our World War II fighting men firepower previously unknown by infantry, and was declared by Gen. George C. Patton to be the “Greatest battle implement ever created”.</p>



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<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="525" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/001-29.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28493" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/001-29.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/001-29-300x225.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>Armorers and volunteers inspect and classify 1903 &amp; 1903A3 Springfield rifles. Several boxes of rifles are waiting inspection in this room.</figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/002-31.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28494" width="607" height="418" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/002-31.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/002-31-300x207.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 607px) 100vw, 607px" /><figcaption>Sean Hines at Wolf Creek. He is on the Spalding County 4H Shooting Team.</figcaption></figure>
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<p>In 1996, Congress established the Corporation for the Promotion of Rifle Practice and Firearms Safety as a non-profit private corporation. The U.S. Army’s Director of Civilian Marksmanship (DCM) was replaced with the new Civilian Marksmanship Program (CMP) with the mission to instruct the citizens of the United States in marksmanship. The highest priority of this program is the training of junior shooters. The CMP program is offered through 1,500 affiliated clubs with adult membership of over 380,000 and junior membership of 68,000. These affiliates include traditional shooting clubs and state shooting associations, plus over 2,00 JROTC local school programs, 3,000 county extension agents (4-H) and over 300 Boy Scout Councils.<br><br>Through these sport shooting programs and dedicated volunteer coaches and instructors, thousands of young men and women are learning the skills and discipline of marksmanship as well as the responsibilities of gun ownership and citizenship. The enabling CMP legislation authorizes the sale of surplus .22 rimfire and .30-caliber rifles, ammunition, repair parts and supplies to members of affiliated clubs and organizations sponsoring shooting instructional programs. The proceeds from every purchase are used to support the operation of the CMP and build an endowment to fund youth programs in perpetuity.</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="463" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/003-26.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28495" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/003-26.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/003-26-300x198.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>Jessica McClain at the Wolf Creek / Tom Lowe Shooting Center in Atlanta, Ga. She is on the Griffin High School Rifle Team and Spalding County 4H Rifle Team.</figcaption></figure>
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<p><br><br>The Headquarters of the Civilian Marksmanship Program is located at Port Clinton, Ohio. This office is contiguous to the historic Camp Perry Firing ranges, which are still home of the CMP National Matches. The National Matches are conducted through a partnership of the CMP and the National Rifle Association. The U.S. Army Reserve and the Ohio National Guard provide support for the National Match Program. All support of the competitive rifle program, affiliated club services, sales of firearms, ammunition and parts and coordination of the junior and adult safety and marksmanship programs is based at Port Clinton. CMP at Anniston is the receiving and processing site for material, parts, ammunition and firearms drawn down from the U.S. Army. CMP at Anniston serves as the distribution center for processed orders from CMP Headquarters.<br><br>Recently I and several others traveled to Anniston, Alabama to the Anniston Army Depot to visit the Civilian Marksmanship Program. We were the guests of the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the CMP, Mr. Charles W. Maddox, and Mr. Orest Michaels, Chief Operating Officer for CMP.<br><br>We were first given an extensive a tour of the then-on-base facility for storage, processing, and shipping firearms and materials. Following our introduction to the CMP-South staff, we were allowed to examine the variety of firearms available to the membership as well as a substantial number of rare, and often one-of-a-kind, items that are auctioned on the CMP website, www.odcmp.com. We were also introduced to the armorers and watched them preparing M1s for sale. Many full-time staff are retired military and/or Civil Service. This staff is augmented by a limited volunteer program, which was suspended at the time of our visit because of 9-11 security constraints. Everyone we met was professional, knowledgeable, committed to their work and believes strongly in the mission of the CMP.</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="525" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/004-23.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28496" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/004-23.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/004-23-300x225.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>erry Sheely, CMP Armorer Supervisor and Angela DeShay Brewer, CMP Staff Armorer inspect, grade, head-space and repair M1 Garand rifles as necessary.</figcaption></figure>
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<p><br><br>Mr. Maddox and Mr. Michaels briefed us on the history of the CMP and presented an exciting vision for the future of their programs. We learned that the on-base operations were being transferred to a new secure facility off base in the city of Anniston and that there were a ‘few’ 1903 and 03-A3 Springfield rifles that were being delivered and unloaded there. We were invited to visit the new warehouse and offices after lunch.<br><br>The new CMP-South office and warehouse facility was a modern, light industrial building in excellent condition. No work had been started to renovate the offices and the building was empty with one substantial exception. There were over 2,000 crates of 1903/03-A3 rifles being unloaded and stacked. In a small room, Michael J. Parker, from Oak Park, Virginia, was removing rifles in a random sampling of these containers and checking their manufacturer, serial number, barrel dates, stock type, and stock markings and cartouches. Parker’s objective was to survey the overall condition of the rifles to establish a range of values and how they could best be used in the CMP program.<br><br>All the 1903 rifles had been arsenal reworked and many appeared to be in very good to excellent condition considering their age and use. The rifles were low and high serial numbered Springfield and Rock Island arsenal rifles, post-World-War-I Springfield and Rock Island ‘03’s, Remington ‘03’s and Remington and Smith Corona 03-A3s. Stock types varied from early finger groove, pre and post-World-War-II C Stocks, ‘scant’ or S type semi-pistol grip stocks and Remington straight stocks. Barrel dates for the low numbered guns were as early as 1910. Many of the 03’s had been re-barreled with World-War-II Remington or Sedgley barrels. Most interesting were the large number of 1903 Mark I rifles with the left side of the receiver milled for the ejection port of the “Automatic Pistol .30 Model 1918,” also known as the Pederson device. We felt privileged watching history being pulled from these old crates. Here were the guns that served those who fought for freedom in World War I and World War II. Now, they were going to serve again, teaching generations to come of the sacrifices made for freedom in the past. The sheer number and variety of these guns made an unbelievable impression on each of us. We headed back home with the resolve to return and do some volunteer work at the first opportunity.<br><br>Volunteering to work with the CMP-South became possible in mid April. We found that the new CMP-South facility at 1401 Commerce Blvd. was fully operational and a beehive of activity. The transfer of the day-to-day operation from Anniston Army Depot had been completed. The armorers were busy inspecting and preparing .30 M1 Garands for shipment. Other full time staff was busy preparing firearms and ammunition for shipping. The warehouse operation was a fine example of military precision. Security was excellent and the material handling process showed that an experienced and very capable management team was in charge.<br></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="371" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/005-19.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28497" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/005-19.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/005-19-300x159.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>Ian Kelly and Morgan Kelly.</figcaption></figure>
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<p><br>The original rifles we observed in October had been sorted by maker, low or high serial numbers, type of stock and model and placed in large boxes for further processing. Some of us were tasked to place correct straight handled bolts in low number 03 Springfield’s. The receivers of low number guns don’t meet safety standards because of some having improper heat-treating, and are sold as collectables only, with the tips of the firing pins ground off. We spent our time demilling firing pins, replacing bolts and checking the headspace with “field” and “go” gages. Others had the more desirable job of sorting post-World-War-I 03’s.<br><br>At the end of the second day, we had a chance to sit and talk shop with Mr.Orest Michaels and Joe Malinowski, Sales Representatives, and Mark Johnson, Business Development Officer. We learned that these ‘03’s represent the last known large stock of this service rifle. Their release to the CMP shows the confidence that the U.S. Army has in the program. The business-like approach that we observed in the CMP program did not just happen. The Board of Directors and the CMP staff are committed to make this program work successfully as a cost effective business.<br><br>How can an individual purchase a rifle from the CMP? You must be a member of an affiliated club, have a qualifying shooting certificate or have served in the military, and show proof of citizenship and qualifications to purchase and possess a firearm. “The Small Arms Review”, Vol. 5 No.9, has an excellent article on the John C. Garand Rifle Match, which will qualify a shooter for CMP purchase eligibility. Order forms can be obtained from the CMP at P.O. Box 576, Port Clinton, OH 43452, 419-635-2141 or at www.odcmp.com. The web site contains everything that you need to know purchasing a rifle. Every active shooting club should consider affiliation with the CMP to promote junior shooting programs and be eligible for member benefits.<br><br>The Civilian Marksmanship Program and its people are a strong voice for responsible private ownership of firearms in our country. The program and its volunteer instructors and coaches are recruiting and training thousands of young shooters each day. The CMP is one positive force working to preserve our right to firearms ownership and encourage the shooting sports. There is no stronger force for the future of firearms ownership and marksmanship than preserving our history and preparing young men and women to take our place as the responsible gun owners of the future.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><em>This article first appeared in Small Arms Review V6N5 (February 2003)</em></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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		<title>M134-D: THE DILLON AERO MINIGUN PACKAGE</title>
		<link>https://smallarmsreview.com/m134-d-the-dillon-aero-minigun-package/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[SAR Staff]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Feb 2003 02:18:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Articles by Issue]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Event Coverage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Guns & Parts]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[V6N5 (Feb 2003)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Volume 6]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[2003]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dan Shea]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[FEBRUARY 2003]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[M134-D]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[THE DILLON AERO MINIGUN PACKAGE]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[V6N5]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://dev.smallarmsreview.com/?p=2971</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[By Dan Shea As readers of SAR are aware, for many years we have been following the design and modification changes of the M134 Minigun that Mike Dillon and now his company, Dillon Aero, Inc, have been working on. Dillon Aero has recently signed a $25 million dollar contract for supply of their system to [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p>By Dan Shea<br><br><em>As readers of SAR are aware, for many years we have been following the design and modification changes of the M134 Minigun that Mike Dillon and now his company, Dillon Aero, Inc, have been working on. Dillon Aero has recently signed a $25 million dollar contract for supply of their system to the US military. This is an ongoing, five-year contract. Chris Dillon took the time to go through the modified gun from top to bottom with us, and SAR is pleased to present a brief overview, and then proceed to the detailed photo comparison of the new products to the old. I have participated in numerous tests of the Dillon Aero modifications, and was truly impressed with the reliability that they have brought to this system. The Minigun is finally coming into its own in the form of the M134-D; as one of the best tools for the military to inventory for defensive/ rescue and just plain “Everybody get the Hell off my Helicopter” guns. Dillon Aero’s M134-D’s work! &#8211; Dan</em><br><br>Mike Dillon has been working on Miniguns for twenty years. While these are a personal passion for Mike, he realized that the M134 guns just had too many problems to stay in most active military inventories. Mike worked on his own guns, with a mind to solving the problems. First, he had to identify where the majority of malfunctions were, and that was in feeding. These problems can be broken into two basic parts, the ammunition storage container with its interface to the feed system, and secondly the delinker-feeder.</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="458" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/002-29.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28467" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/002-29.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/002-29-300x196.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>Bryce Hatfield feeds a multi-thousand round belt up into the Huey for Mike to feed into the Dillon Aero magazine. Photo by Dan Shea.</figcaption></figure>
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<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignleft size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/001-27.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28468" width="389" height="617" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/001-27.jpg 441w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/001-27-189x300.jpg 189w" sizes="(max-width: 389px) 100vw, 389px" /><figcaption>Mike Dillon works on a new invention, a water cooled minigun. Photo by Dan Shea.</figcaption></figure>
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<p>It has been over 30 years since the M134 ceased being a production offering, and spares and replacement parts have become hard to find. This was part of Mike’s inspiration of course, getting good reliable parts to keep his own guns running. In the course of that quest, Dillon Aero Inc was born, and Dillon gradually began to manufacture all of the parts for the M134 after improving them, and finally set his sights on making complete firearms and systems. His current projects include lightening the entire system even more. Those familiar with the rotary winged aircraft (“Helicopters” to our readers in Jersey) realize that removing even a few pounds can make a tremendous difference in the ability of that craft to fulfill its mission. Every pound you save translates into more ammo or fuel you can carry. With that in mind, we have included the full specs on the M134-D offering from Dillon.</p>



<p>In the photo caption text, we have tried to give a thorough look at Dillon Aero’s innovative solutions to these problems, and the other solutions they arrived at during the course of testing and firing millions of rounds of ammunition.<br><br>Military users of the current M134 Minigun should consider either completely upgrading their systems to the M134-D configuration, or replacing their aging systems with the Dillon offering.<br><br><strong>SAR’s Technical Specifications for the M134-D Minigun:</strong><br><br>Manufacturer:     Dillon Aero, Inc<br>    8009 E. Dillon’s Way<br>    Scottsdale, AZ 85260 USA<br>    Phone: 480-444-2919<br>    Fax: 480-948-6616<br>    Website: www.dillonaero.com<br>Caliber: 7.62x51mm NATO<br>Overall Length: 80.16 mm &#8211; 31.56 inches<br>Barrel Length: 55.88 cm &#8211; 22 inches<br>Weight, Gun: 15.75 kg &#8211; 35 pounds<br>Weight, Drive Assembly, 28VDC, AC: 3.60 kg &#8211; 8 pounds<br>Weight, feeder/delinker: 4.57 kg &#8211; 10.16 pounds<br>Weight, Gun Control Unit: 1.87 kg &#8211; 4.16 pounds<br>Weight, cables: 1.12 kg &#8211; 2.5 pounds<br>Weight, Battery: 13.61 kg &#8211; 30 pounds<br>Total system weight: (Less battery, ammunition and mount): 27.44 kg &#8211; 60.98 pounds<br>Feed system: metallic disintegrating linked ammunition belt<br>Number of Barrel grooves: 4<br>Direction of twist: Right Hand<br>Rate of twist: 1 turn in 25.4 cm &#8211; 1 turn in 10 inches<br>Firing Modes: full auto only, clutched<br>Rate of Fire: 3,000 RPM<br>Method of operation: external, electrically driven<br>Lock up method: cammed lock up<br>Acceleration time: 0.5 seconds<br>Deceleration time: 0.25 seconds<br>Power requirements: 28 volts DC, AC is available, DC volt requires 40 amps<br>Barrel life: 250,000 rounds<br>Reliability: 500,000 MRBF (Mean Rounds Between Failure)<br>System life: 1,500,000 rounds<br>Gun life (before rebuild): 1,500,000 rounds<br>Recoil forces (At 3000 rpm) Average: 90.72 kg &#8211; 200 lbs</p>



<div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex">
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<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="350" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/008-11.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28469" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/008-11.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/008-11-300x150.jpg 300w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/008-11-360x180.jpg 360w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>Left- original feeder/ delinker end plate Right- Dillonís new version. On the Dillon end plate there is a ìSLAPî Snail path. This controls the motion of the cartridge case at the neck, instead of at the base. This avoids problems with non traditional cartridge feeding, including SLAP, blank or other unusual configurations. (Dillon Aero photo).</figcaption></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="556" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/010-4.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28471" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/010-4.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/010-4-300x238.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>Original Stripper, push rod guide and drive gear.</figcaption></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="688" height="700" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/013-2.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28473" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/013-2.jpg 688w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/013-2-295x300.jpg 295w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/013-2-75x75.jpg 75w" sizes="(max-width: 688px) 100vw, 688px" /><figcaption>Left: Original Rotor Assembly. Right: Dillon Aeroís newly designed lightweight Titanium Rotor Assembly. Dillonís offering is not only lighter weight, it is much easier to manufacture and has replaceable locking lugs. (Photo by Dan Shea)</figcaption></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="632" height="700" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/016-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28476" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/016-1.jpg 632w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/016-1-271x300.jpg 271w" sizes="(max-width: 632px) 100vw, 632px" /><figcaption>Dillon Aeroís new narrow profile booster motor setup is compact and mounts within the planes of the ammunition feeding device. Anyone who has been in a helicopter knows that space is at a premium, and this seemingly simple improvement is actually more significant than it might appear, allowing for more compact storage of the feeding system.</figcaption></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="441" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/018.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28478" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/018.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/018-300x189.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>Left: Original bolt face, arrow shows one major problem area. This area of the extractor lip is a major failure area. Right: The new Dillon bolt reduces the height of the right extractor by 0.080î. The new bolt is also contoured to prevent off-center firing pin strikes, and the new Dillon Aero firing pin has a spherical end to eliminate punctured primers. (Photo by Dan Shea)</figcaption></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="525" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/020.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28480" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/020.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/020-300x225.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>Two pins are compressed against spring tension. This contains the system parts instead of potentially losing a pin, and allows for quickly popping open the safing sector (Photo by Dan Shea)</figcaption></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="557" height="700" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/022.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28482" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/022.jpg 557w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/022-239x300.jpg 239w" sizes="(max-width: 557px) 100vw, 557px" /><figcaption>Left: the original barrel clamp had a separate flash hider as an afterthought. That flash hider was a cast unit, very heavy, and is not shown. Right: Dillon Aeroís new one piece, simplified titanium barrel clamp/ flash hider unit is not only a weight savings, it is a much more effective flash hider.</figcaption></figure>
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<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow">
<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="257" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/009-4.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28470" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/009-4.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/009-4-300x110.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>The seven pushers in the feeder/ delinker have been redesigned to reduce drag, be more stable in motion, and retain lubrication. Left: Dillon Aero pusher. Right: Original (Photo by Dan Shea)</figcaption></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="460" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/012-2.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28472" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/012-2.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/012-2-300x197.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>Original bolt assembly showing the ìTripî at the rear that must travel in a channel in the rotor. Right: Dillon Aeroís new design where the firing pin is internally tripped, simplifying the process and making it more reliable. (Photo by Dan Shea)</figcaption></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="619" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/014-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28474" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/014-1.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/014-1-300x265.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>Round repositioner that mounts on the Dillon Aero ammunition cans. Essentially, the belt feeds through it and the device ensures that all rounds and links are correct for feeding. Just one more way to keep from having feed problems.</figcaption></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="452" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/015-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28475" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/015-1.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/015-1-300x194.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>The original booster motor assembly that helped feed the belts into the chute system were awkward and took up space outside of the magazine area. Dillon Aeroís new narrow profile booster motor setup is compact and mounts within the planes of the ammunition feeding device. Anyone who has been in a helicopter knows that space is at a premium, and this seemingly simple improvement is actually more significant than it might appear, allowing for more compact storage of the feeding system.</figcaption></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="420" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/017-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28477" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/017-1.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/017-1-300x180.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>Rear: Original Bolt and carrier assembly, note the single locking/ unlocking tang. Front: Dillon Aeroís new bolts feature dual locking/ unlocking tangs, increasing reliability and reducing breakage. (Photo by Dan Shea)</figcaption></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="420" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/019.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28479" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/019.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/019-300x180.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>Left: Dillon Aeroís new, simplified top cover and safing sector is a one piece assembly, and much easier to use. Right: the original assembly in its component parts. (Photo by Dan Shea)</figcaption></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="688" height="700" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/021.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28481" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/021.jpg 688w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/021-295x300.jpg 295w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/021-75x75.jpg 75w" sizes="(max-width: 688px) 100vw, 688px" /><figcaption>inspections are much easier- to flip open the top cover on Dillon Aeroís M134D upgrade, there is a simple slide- much easier than the old pin system. (Photo by Dan Shea)</figcaption></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="387" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/023.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28484" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/023.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/023-300x166.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>Left: The ìOldî way to have a gun control unit and motor. Right: The &#8220;Dillon&#8221; way- the new Dillon Aero GCU is compact, simplified, and mounts right to the spades.</figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><em>This article first appeared in Small Arms Review V6N5 (February 2003)</em></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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		<title>THE GREATEST GATLING GUN</title>
		<link>https://smallarmsreview.com/the-greatest-gatling-gun/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[SAR Staff]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Feb 2003 02:18:00 +0000</pubDate>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://dev.smallarmsreview.com/?p=2974</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[By Chuck Madurski The Avenger. Seldom is a nickname given to an inanimate object as fitting as this. The General Electric (now General Dynamics Land Systems) GAU-8/A “Avenger” 30mm cannon is the largest Gatling gun in the world. It is also arguably the most awesome gun ever designed for and mounted on an aircraft. To be [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p>By Chuck Madurski<br><br><em><strong><u>The Avenger.</u></strong> Seldom is a nickname given to an inanimate object as fitting as this. The General Electric (now General Dynamics Land Systems) GAU-8/A “Avenger” 30mm cannon is the largest Gatling gun in the world. It is also arguably the most awesome gun ever designed for and mounted on an aircraft. To be more precise, the Fairchild A-10 “Warthog” was designed almost literally around this gun. The GAU-8/A has also spun-off (no pun intended) a lighter duty version; the four-barreled GAU-13/A. The 30mm ammunition has been the source of many innovations and the whole system has been adapted for the vital job of missile defense for Naval vessels. In this guise it is called Goalkeeper.</em><br><br>The modern interpretation of a big tank-killing gun in a stable flying platform is at least in part based upon the success of the World War II German Junkers Ju-87G, especially as flown by Hans-Ulrich Rudel. Using the G model Stuka with a 37mm anti-tank gun mounted under each wing, with each gun fed by six round clips, Rudel is credited with destroying five hundred nineteen Russian armored vehicles. The actual total is probably much higher. This in about two years time as well.<br><br>In light of information like this from several studies, in November 1970 the Air Force issued a Request For Proposal (RFP) for a 30mm rapid-fire cannon for use in the next generation CAS aircraft called the A-X. As a result of their over twenty years experience in designing and building Gatling guns, GE was selected to build prototypes. The contract also covered the development of the ammunition family to be used with the new gun. GE had already been working with a technology demonstrator six-barreled 30mm gun for over two years by then, though it was not until 1974 that a pre- or early-production model was flight-tested. The first production guns came off the line in August 1975, and when production ended in November 1983, 700 had been produced. However, limited production continues for spare parts and guns.</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignleft size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="500" height="700" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/001-28.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28488" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/001-28.jpg 500w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/001-28-214x300.jpg 214w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/001-28-360x504.jpg 360w" sizes="(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px" /><figcaption>he GAU-8 peers out from the nose of an A-10.</figcaption></figure>
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<p><strong>The Gun</strong><br><br>The GAU-8/A has seven barrels. Like all externally powered Gatling guns, its rate of fire is adjustable. However, it generally fires at 4,200 rounds per minute. That works out to only 600 rounds per minute per barrel. At that rate, the barrels have a USAF specified minimum life of 21,000 rounds. The barrels are 86 inches long (not including chamber) and weigh 52 pounds each. They are held to the gun by a quick release mechanism for ease of maintenance. The barrels have right-hand twist rifling with 20 grooves. While the 20mm Vulcan uses gain-twist rifling, the twist rate on the Avenger is constant. Total length of the gun, sans feed mechanism, is 112.83 inches and weighs 661 pounds. The overall length including the linkless feed system is 21 feet. The unloaded weight exceeds 1,800 pounds, while fully loaded weight is nearly 3,500 pounds.<br><br>The impressive size and mass pales in comparison to the recoil forces generated by the Avenger. According to the US Navy’s Gun Systems Engineering Center, the GAU-8/A firing at 4,200 rpm has a trunnion reaction (force) of 19,000 pounds! That is 1,000 pounds greater than the combined thrust of the A-10’s two engines a full power. Obviously, bursts are kept relatively short as firing the Avenger is much like slamming on the brakes. This large force also necessitated that the gun be installed on the aircraft’s centerline to avoid having the plane turn off target from recoil forces.<br><br>Simply scaling the M61 Vulcan up to 30mm size would have resulted in a much larger and heavier weapon. A clever engineering change to the Avenger’s bolting method led to large dividends in weight savings and in reducing the overall length of the gun. Where the Vulcan bolt locks into the rotor acting as the receiver, the Avenger bolt is a multi-lugged Stoner-type and locks into the barrel extension, similar to the AR-15. Other improvements allowed the gun package to be only slightly larger in diameter than the Vulcan.<br><br><strong>Feeding the Avenger</strong><br><br>The linkless feed system of the GAU-8/A is based on that of the 20mm Vulcan. Being linkless saves weight and reduces the number of bits and pieces the whole system has to deal with. The cartridges are held in a drum with the projectiles pointed toward the center. A full load consists of 1,100 rounds. This is enough ammunition for about a dozen gun passes before the need to reload. Spent cases are retained in the system and are shuttled back into the drum for unloading when the plane is back at the base. Thus, potential airframe or engine damage from an ejected fired casing is avoided. Unloading the empties and reloading the whole system can be accomplished in about 13 minutes using a ground support piece called the Ammunition Loading System (ALS) that is much like the Avenger’s feed system, although it is trailer mounted.<br><br>The drum feed and the gun are powered by a pair of hydraulic motors working together and producing a total of 77 horsepower. That amount of power is required to spool up the seven rotating barrels almost instantaneously and begin the feeding of the ammunition. If one of the motors should fail, the gun is still able to operate but with the rate halved to 2,100 rpm. At the end of every burst, the motors reverse momentarily to decelerate the gun while the feed mechanism clears any live rounds from the barrels to prevent cook-offs.<br></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignleft size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/003-25.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28489" width="529" height="541" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/003-25.jpg 685w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/003-25-294x300.jpg 294w" sizes="(max-width: 529px) 100vw, 529px" /><figcaption>The GAU-8 business end.</figcaption></figure>
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<p><strong>The Ammo</strong><br><br>The 30x173mm ammunition used in the GAU-8/A is available in three common varieties for CAS use, with a few more that are used for anti-missile installations. Unlike the 20mm Vulcan rounds that are electrically primed, the 30x173mm is percussion primed. The main tank killing round, the one that gets nearly all of the (negative) press, is the PGU-14 API(T). This is the depleted uranium (DU) kinetic penetrator round that was so effective at defeating Saddam’s tanks. The DU penetrator is sheathed in an aluminum shell that shatters upon impact, while the penetrator has a high pyrophoric effect. The extreme penetration is due to the high density of the DU, and its relative hardness. Development of the DU shell began in 1972 and was finalized in 1976. The loaded round has an overall length of 11.42 inches, weighs 1.53 pounds and has a muzzle velocity of 3,323 fps. The projectile weighs 0.6 pounds (9.6 ounces). The normal combat load is a 5:1 ratio of PGU-14 API rounds and PGU-13 HEI. The two rounds are ballistically matched, as is the inert PGU-15 TP (target practice) round.<br><br>One of the first innovations of 30x173mm ammunition is the light alloy cartridge case which is 60% lighter than the same case would be in steel (5 ounces versus 12.3 ounces). Recall that the normal combat load is 1,100 rounds of ammunition. The weight savings allowed an increase in the ammo load of over 300 rounds or 25% of the total load. Steel case ammunition is used in the Mauser MK30 cannon.<br><br>Another important advance pioneered by the 30x173mm round is the successful development of plastic driving bands. Not only do these save some weight, but more importantly, they contribute to long barrel life by reducing wear to one-third that caused by metal driving bands. Furthermore, plastic bands do not tend to foul the barrel as traditional copper bands do. A 40mm version of this round had been developed by simply necking up the case for potential use in Boeing’s Bushmaster II chain gun.<br><br><strong>Variations</strong><br><br>So successful has been the 30x173mm family of ammunition that several guns have been developed to use this chambering, though they generally use unique projectiles more suitable to their methods of employment. Among these is the Oerlikon KCA that was selected as a back-up in case the Avenger failed. There is also the previously mentioned Mauser MK 30 (Mauser Model F), and Bushmaster II 30mm Chain Gun. Also there was an experimental Rocket Assisted Projectile (RAP) version tested in the 1970’s. To save space, the propellant was wrapped around the penetrator. This round demonstrated penetration at approximately 1,800 yards equivalent to the standard API at 1,200.<br><br>An alternate usage for the Avenger is the Dutch Goalkeeper Close-In Weapon System (CIWS). Introduced in the mid 1980’s, it is similar to the US Navy’s Phalanx anti-ship missile system. It is in use by the navies of Great Britain, the Netherlands and the United Arab Emirates. In this guise, a special FMPDS (frangible missile-piercing discarding-sabot) projectile is used. Designed by NWM De Kruithoorn, this round uses a tungsten alloy penetrator in a sabot that falls away once the round has left the gun muzzle. The tungsten alloy used is somewhat brittle and is designed to fragment after penetrating the thin sheet metal that usually makes up the front end of anti-ship missiles, thereby destroying the missile.<br><br><strong>Gun Pod</strong><br><br>The Avenger had a little brother. A four-barreled version designated the GAU-13/A that was designed to be used in the General Electric GPU-5/A Pave Claw pod. Besides the barrel count difference there are a few other attributes that differentiate the GAU-13/A from the GAU-8/A. The helical feed drum only holds 353 rounds and houses the ammunition with the rounds pointed forward instead of towards the drum centerline. This is done to reduce the frontal area of the pod to a minimum. The pod weighs nearly 2,000 pounds loaded and the gun is powered pneumatically fed by a storage bottle. The rate of fire is 2,400 rpm.<br><br>During Desert Storm some F-16s from the 174th TFW were deployed to the Gulf, but the fighter/pod combination did not perform close to expectations. Among the reasons were a lack of rigidity in the pod’s mounting when compared to the GAU-8/A in the A-10 and the severe vibration and subsequent handling problems for the F-16s when the gun was fired. Interestingly, in the late 1980’s the Royal Thai Air Force (Kongtap Agard Thai) fitted Pave Claw gun pods to the centerline pylons of some of their Northrop F-5E Tiger II fighters.<br><br><strong>The Warthog in The Storm</strong><br><br>Debriefed Iraqi soldiers stated that the single most feared aircraft was the A-10. Firing Maverick missiles, making cannon runs and generally loitering for extended periods looking for more targets generated no small amount of concern for any enemy personnel in the area. The GAU-8/A was utilized from ground level to altitudes of 10,000 feet and sometimes more, by day and at night. To the pilots shooting the guns, they didn’t know until later the effect the 30mm gun was having for when they shot up a tank it was perforated like Swiss cheese, and it tended to burn inside with no secondary explosions. Until Iraqi tanks could be examined on the ground, these kills were listed as only “possible damage”. The Avenger cannon also proved to be an ideal anti-material gun for those times when a tank just could not be found, some of the other favorite targets being SCUD launchers with or without missiles, and artillery sites.<br><br>Whether in its element as a tank killing cannon in the snarling nose of the A-10 Thunderbolt II (Warthog) or working as a last line of defense CIWS anti-ship missile gun, the General Electric/General Dynamics GAU-8/A Avenger Gatling Gun has assured its place in history as one of the most important members of the modern Gatling Gun family.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><em>This article first appeared in Small Arms Review V6N5 (February 2003)</em></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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		<title>SIGARMS’ SG551 AND SG552 PATROL CARBINES</title>
		<link>https://smallarmsreview.com/sigarms-sg551-and-sg552-patrol-carbines/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[SAR Staff]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Feb 2003 02:17:00 +0000</pubDate>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://dev.smallarmsreview.com/?p=2968</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[By Charles Q. Cutshaw SIGARMS’ 5.56x45mm (.223 Remington) SG550 and SG551 have been in production for nearly 20 years, but they have not been readily available in the United States until recently. The SG550 and SG551 were adopted by the Swiss Army in 1984 as the StGw (Sturmgewehr) 90. A relative newcomer to the SG550 [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p>By Charles Q. Cutshaw<br><br>SIGARMS’ 5.56x45mm (.223 Remington) SG550 and SG551 have been in production for nearly 20 years, but they have not been readily available in the United States until recently. The SG550 and SG551 were adopted by the Swiss Army in 1984 as the StGw (Sturmgewehr) 90. A relative newcomer to the SG550 family is the SG552 Commando, introduced into Swiss military inventory in 1998. Swiss citizens are fortunate enough to be able to purchase either the SSG550 or the SG551 carbine in semiautomatic only. Some 20,000 of these superb rifles have been sold to Swiss citizens at the time this was written (late 2002). Unfortunately, inane US gun laws preclude sale of the SG550/551 semiautomatic in this country. SIGARMS is now marketing the SG551 and SG552 to law enforcement agencies. There are no individual officer sales as of this time.<br><br>SAR recently had the opportunity to test both the SG551 SWAT carbine and SG552 Commando subcarbine (Subcarbines constitute a new class of small arms that are submachine-gun-sized, but fire rifle-caliber cartridges.) along with SIGARMS’ P229 pistols, which we will cover in a later article. Since these carbines are intended for police use, we engaged the services of the Florence, Alabama SWAT team to help test the rifles. The team practiced entries, clearing and tactical drills with the carbines and then fired them for evaluation on the department’s range. The carbines performed flawlessly and with remarkable accuracy in all testing, both the formal range testing which we conducted and the informal shooting by the Florence SWAT Team, who were enthusiastic about the overall capabilities of the carbines.</p>


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<p><br><br>SIGARMS’ SG551 and SG552 are made with emphasis on light weight and reliability. The design makes extensive use of plastic and alloys, while maintaining the rugged durability for which SIG manufactured firearms have always been noted. The folding stock is of plastic material and has an optional cheekrest for use with optical sights that necessitate a raised cheek weld for proper eye relief. Magazines are available in 5-, 20- and 30-round capacities. The magazines are of translucent plastic with built in clips and studs on each side to allow magazines to be locked together for quick reloads. Clipping more than three magazines together is not recommended. The “clip and stud” method of fastening magazines together is extremely simple and more positive than any “add on” mechanism. Clips are on one side of the magazine and studs on the other. To fasten two magazines together, magazines are held at 90 degrees, the top stud from one magazine snapped down into the top vertical clip of the other and then the magazines rotated to seat the stud into the lower horizontal clip. Once fastened together, magazines do not move or rattle. Magazines pivot into place in the magazine-well by hooking the magazine’s forward lip into the magazine-well and simply pulling to the rear. Although we had never before operated a SG551 or 552, we never had a misfeed with these magazines; insertion is much easier than either an AK or M14. Even with two or three magazines clipped together, changes were quick and simple.<br><br>The carbines we tested had a number of options. Both had optical sights. The SWAT Carbine was equipped with a Leupold CQT 1-3x variable, while the Commando subcarbine mounted a Trijicon ACOG Reflex II sight. Leupold’s CQT gives the user the benefit of both a 1x CQB sight with low power magnification for longer range work. The Trijicon ACOG Reflex II is one of the best available reflex sights, requires no batteries and is in widespread use by military and police forces. Both carbines also had Surefire WeaponLights(tm) Installed. The SWAT carbine was equipped with Surefire’s M500A which has a high intensity xenon light as an integral component of the handguard, while the Commando had a Surefire M952 Universal Tactical Light mounted on the front handguard. These lights offer superior brightness, beam focus and rugged reliability.</p>


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<p><br><br>Both carbines had four fire control options: “Safe,” “1” (semiautomatic); “3” (three-round burst) and “20” (full auto). In the “3” mode, the burst selector resets, so that a burst is obtained each time the trigger is pulled, rather than an unpredictable number of rounds between one and three, like some burst control mechanisms. The SG551 is available in semiautomatic only for those agencies that do not desire a select-fire carbine, while the SG552 is available only in select-fire. If a department or organization wishes to block the full-auto function, limiting the carbine to burst fire, an integral block that prevents the selector from being placed into the full-auto position can be rotated and locked into place. The ambidextrous selector switch is large and easily manipulated by gloved hands. Also, the positioning of the selector is such that the natural downward movement of the thumb takes it from “safe” to semiautomatic. Pressing the switch forward a “click” selects “burst” and finally full-auto. The engagement of the selector at each point is positive and not subject to inadvertent movement from one position to another. As mentioned, the three-round burst resets to fire a full three rounds with each pull of the trigger.<br><br>The sights consist of a rear diopter rotating drum with markings from “1” through “4” equating to 100 through 400 meters. The 100-meter battlesight is a square notch with tritium dots on either side for night use. The rear sight is adjustable for windage and elevation. The front sight is a square post protected by a ring and has a folding tritium-illuminated night sight that remains in the “down” position until it is needed. The carbines tested, however, were equipped with optical sights and we did not require the use of the “iron sights.” That said, the open sights are standard for the Swiss military and since we have used such sights in the past, we expect that they are as good as, or better than, the “backup iron sights” used by some other manufacturers.</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="546" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/004-26.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28527" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/004-26.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/004-26-300x234.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>op: SIG 551 Gas/recoil/return components with bolt. Bottom: SIG 552 Gas/recoil/return components with bolt</figcaption></figure>
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<p><br><br>Fit and finish of these rifles is of the legendary SIGARMS quality. Although these are in essence military assault rifles in the true sense of the term, they exude quality throughout. There were no visible machining marks and the finish was an even matte green &#8211; grey. The polymer grip, stock and handguard mated to the metal components almost perfectly. The care that went into the manufacture of these carbines was obvious.<br><br>The carbines are gas-operated using a system similar to that of the Kalashnikov (AK). The SG551 and SG552, however, each use a slightly different system. The SG551 incorporates an operating rod that is retained in the bolt carrier by the operating handle, thus making the two essentially a single unit. The recoil spring surrounds the operating rod inside the gas tube. Thus, while the SG551 system is similar to the Kalashnikov, it is not identical. The SG552, on the other hand, is virtually identical to the AK system. All gas system components are made of stainless steel for ease of cleaning and longevity. The SG552’s bolt carrier and operating rod are integral, with the operating spring contained inside the operating rod and impinging against the rear of the receiver. This necessitates slightly different disassembly procedures for the two carbines.<br><br>The SG551 is disassembled for cleaning by first pressing the charging handle retaining clip and removing the charging handle. This frees the operating rod for removal. The gas regulator is twisted and removed to allow withdrawal of the operating rod, which is under slight spring pressure. The gas cylinder can then be twisted a quarter turn and removed. The rear receiver retaining pin is removed, freeing the rear of the upper receiver, which is then pivoted upward similar to the AR-15. If it desired, the front pin can be removed to completely separate the upper and lower receivers. This pin also retains the handguards. Once the pin is withdrawn, the bolt, bolt carrier and handguards can be removed and separated. No further disassembly is required for routine maintenance.<br><br>Field stripping the SG552 is slightly different due to its operating system. The bolt carrier and operating rod of the SG552 are unitary like those of the AK. The operator first presses in on a pin at the rear of the lower receiver that frees the upper receiver to be rotated upwards. As the upper receiver is rotated up, the recoil spring is controlled with the thumb and allowed to fully expand. It is then removed. The charging handle is then removed like that of the SG551. The unitary bolt carrier and operating rod can then be withdrawn. Gas valve and tube removal is the same as the SG551.<br></p>


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<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="445" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/005-22.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28528" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/005-22.jpg 700w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/005-22-300x191.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption>Top: SIG 551. Bottom: SIG 552</figcaption></figure>
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<p><br>Optical sights are available for the rifles, but a production MIL-STD-1913 rail was not available at the time of testing, although a MIL-STD-1913 receiver rail should be available by the time this article goes to press. SIGARMS’ system is ingenious and ensures a return to zero when optics are changed, but it is not MIL standard and thus is being redesigned. The existing system consists of a forward receiver stud that engages a receptacle in the removable mount. The mount has a spring-loaded heavy pin that engages a receptacle in the rear sight base. To install optics, the spring loaded stud is pressed back into the sight base, rotated down and then allowed to move forward to engage the receiver stud. Removal is the reverse of installation. During our testing, which involved the use of several types of optical sights, this proved to be a very strong mount and satisfactory system. We changed optics several times and the SIGARMS system always returned to zero. SIGARMS realizes that the MIL-STD-1913 rail is the prevalent system in the United States and thus has designed a rail that is permanently attached to the upper receiver, with a backup rear sight for emergency use.<br><br>Shooting the SG551 and SG552 brought some surprises, primarily dealing with the carbines’ accuracy, which was better than we had any right to expect from such short-barreled carbines that are essentially close quarters battle (CQB) guns. (See Table 1 for accuracy results.) Handling was excellent; both carbines balanced and pointed well. Trigger pull weight was approximately 6 pounds and was the same in every fire control option. The trigger is typical “European military” with a relatively long takeup and then a crisp “break” as the sear releases the hammer. The optical sights enhanced accuracy and target acquisition, especially for individuals such as the author, whose middle-aged eyes have difficulty focusing on both front and rear sights and a target. We tested the SWAT Carbine with Leupold’s 1-3x CQT and the Commando with Trijicon’s ACOG Reflex II. SIGARMS’ optional cheekrest was a definite advantage for the author when using the CQT due to the height of the optic mount, which prevented a good cheek weld without the raised cheekrest. Functioning was typical SIGARMS &#8211; flawless. Spent cases were ejected very forcefully, which carried them about 10 yards to the right front of the shooter. Muzzle climb on full-auto was notable but manageable due to the light felt recoil inherent in the 5.56x45mm cartridge, the efficient muzzle brake/flash suppressor, and the overall design of both carbines, which places recoil forces low on the stock and in virtually direct alignment with the barrel. These factors also contribute to quick follow-up shots in semiautomatic fire.</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="529" height="700" src="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/006-16.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-28529" srcset="https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/006-16.jpg 529w, https://smallarmsreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/006-16-227x300.jpg 227w" sizes="(max-width: 529px) 100vw, 529px" /><figcaption>Disassembly Procedure… Remove magazine and make certain firearm is unloaded. 1.) Remove operating handle. 2.) Press front and rear locking pins out and separate upper and lower receivers. 3.) Remove bolt carrier assembly. 4.) Withdraw bolt from carrier. 5.) Remove gas adjustment plug. 6.) Withdraw gas piston/operating rod and recoil spring. 7.) Rotate and withdraw gas valve. Takedown is now complete.</figcaption></figure>
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<p><br><br>In sum, these carbines arguably represent the highest quality weapons of their type. They incorporate excellent ergonomics, and include many features that are to be found in no other firearms. They are surprisingly accurate. From a shooter’s standpoint, these are outstanding firearms. The sole detriment is their price, which is almost twice that of some alternative 5.56mm carbines. There is an old saying, however, that “You get what you pay for.” The price of admission to the SIGARMS SG551 and SG552 is high, but for the department that can afford them and wants the best for their officers, there are few alternatives.<br><br>Note: These carbines are 5.56mm caliber, not .223 Remington. Chamber and cartridge dimensions are slightly different for 5.56mm and .223. 5.56mm is slightly longer in the leade, the unrifled portion of the bore just in front of the chamber. In practical terms, 5.56mm firearms will accept .223 ammunition, while guns chambered for .223 may not accept military 5.56mm cartridges.<br><br><strong>SIGARMS, Inc.</strong><br>18 Industrial Dr.<br>Exeter, NH 03833<br>Tel: 603-772-2302<br>www.sigarms.com<br><br><strong>Leupold &amp; Stevens, Inc</strong><br>PO Box 688<br>Beaverton, OR 97075<br>Tel: 503-646-9171<br>www.leupold.com<br><br><strong>Trijicon, Inc.</strong><br>PO Box 930059<br>Wixom, MI 28393<br>Tel: 248-960-7700<br>www.trijicon-inc.com<br><br><strong>Surefire</strong><br>18300 Mt. Baldy Circle<br>Fountain Valley, CA 92708<br>Tel: 714-545-9444<br>www.surefire.com<br><br><strong>Black Hills Ammunition</strong><br>PO Box 3090<br>Rapid City, SD 57709-3090<br>Tel: 605-348-5150<br>Fax: 605-348-9827<br>Email: BHAmmo@rapidnet.com<br><br><strong>Hornady Manufacturing</strong><br>PO Box 1848<br>Grand Island, NE 68803<br>Tel: 308-382-1390<br>Fax: 308-382-5761<br>www.hornady.com</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><em>This article first appeared in Small Arms Review V6N5 (February 2003)</em></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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		<title>NEW REVIEW: FEBRUARY 2003</title>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 01 Feb 2002 02:25:59 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[By Chris A. Choat DPMS PANTHER .22 LR DEDICATED RIFLE Defense Procurement Manufacturing Services, Inc., is now offering a dedicated .22 LR rimfire rifle. The new rifle is being made to look like and have the features of their very successful Panther rifle. Features of the new .22 LR rimfire rifle include a 16-inch Chrome-moly [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p>By Chris A. Choat<br><br><strong>DPMS PANTHER .22 LR DEDICATED RIFLE<br></strong></p>



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<p><strong><br></strong>Defense Procurement Manufacturing Services, Inc., is now offering a dedicated .22 LR rimfire rifle. The new rifle is being made to look like and have the features of their very successful Panther rifle. Features of the new .22 LR rimfire rifle include a 16-inch Chrome-moly steel bull barrel with a two-piece aluminum free-float handguard tube. The upper receiver is their flat top Lo-Pro design. The lower receiver is a 4140 investment casting. The Panther .22 LR also features an A-2 buttstock and a steel bolt carrier that is machined from bar stock. It comes with one 10-round magazine, sling and cleaning kit. DPMS if also offering a complete upper barrel assembly for shooters that want to use their own lower. Retail price of this new rifle is just $649.00. For more information contact DPMS, Inc., Dept. SAR, 13983 Industry Ave., Becker, MN 55308. Phone: 1-763-261-5600. Fax: 1-763-261-5599. Their website is www.dpmsinc.com.<strong><br><br>SHRIKE 5.56 BELT-FED</strong></p>



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<p><strong><br><br></strong>Ares Defense System has now released their new Shrike 5.56 Advanced Weapons System™. This new weapons system consists of a belt-fed upper receiver assembly for the AR-15/M-16/M4 family of weapons. This new system requires no modification to the host lower. It maintains the ergonomics and primary magazine-feed of the M-16, while delivering belt-fed capability. The Shrike 5.56™ was invented and designed by Geoffrey A. Herring of Ares Defense Systems in Blacksburg, Virginia. It was originally conceived as a method of adding a compact and ultra-lightweight 5.56mm belt-fed Squad Automatic Weapon (SAW) to the rifle squad without subtracting a rifleman. The Shrike has several impressive specifications. It requires no modification to the host lower as long as the lower is Mil-Spec. It is a field installable upgrade that takes only 5 minutes to install. Once installed, it is capable of instant selection between either magazine- or belt-feed without any reconfiguration of weapon components. It uses standard M16 magazines and M249 (SAW) ammunition in M27 disintegrating belts. It features a top-cover design for easy and intuitive loading and modular sub-assemblies that are simple to maintain in the field. No special tools are required for disassembly or maintenance and it also has a quick-change barrel. It is offered in either semi or full-auto versions with either “pre-ban” or “post-ban” barrels. With a weight of just 8 pounds it is the lightest, most compact belt-fed in the world. For more information contact Ares Defense Systems, LLC. Dept. SAR, P.O. Box 10667, Blacksburg, Virginia 24062. Phone: 1-540-639-8633. Fax: 1-540-639-8634. Their website is www.aresdefense.com. Watch for a major piece on the Shrike next month in Small Arms Review.<strong><br><br>DETECTEAR SURVEILLANCE TOOL</strong></p>



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<p><strong><br><br></strong>The new DetectEar™ from Silver Creek Industries is a powerful surveillance and investigative tool that incorporates a 20-inch diameter snap-together parabolic dish combined with the most advanced audio circuitry available. This device allows you to hear conversations with pinpoint accuracy at distances up to 300 yards. The DetectEar™ is also equipped with a three-band equalizer to adjust for specific sound frequencies, recording jack and a communications input jack for outstanding surveillance capabilities. The DetectEar™ can be mounted to a tripod for extended use and also comes with a hard carrying case for discreet and easy transportation. The unit is powered by two AAA batteries that provide 100 hours of use. Other features include adjustable volume control for each ear and an automatic safety shutdown at 95 decibels. Total weight of the DetechEar™ is only 24 ounces. For more information contact Silver Creek Industries, Dept. SAR, P.O. Box 1988, 1909 Silver Creek Road, Manitowoc, WI 54221. Phone: 1-920-684-9628. Fax: 1-920-684-6267. Their website is www.silvercreekindustries.com.<br><strong><br>NEW BATTLEGRIP™ FROM TANGODOWN</strong></p>



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<p><strong><br><br></strong>TangoDown LLC has just introduced their new BATTLEGRIP™, a pistol grip designed for M4/M16/AR-15 series rifles with features previously unavailable in a combat-quality grip. Its features start with a superior ergonomic form reminiscent of the Stoner 63 LMG that provides substantial shooter comfort over previous M16 combat grips. Next, BATTLEGRIP™ has the ability to internally store two Aimpoint-type batteries IN ADDITION to two AA or 123 series Lithium batteries all in a water-, dust- and rattle-proof cavity, sealed by an easy-access cover. The batteries contained inside of the indestructible Nylon/glass-filled housing are ready for immediate use and can be removed in a second for installation in night vision, IR and visible laser aimers, Sure Fire-style white light and Aimpoint/Eotech type electronic sights. BATTLEGRIP™ can also provide crucial back up power no matter what the tactical situation due to its Patent Pending cover design. Water and dirt cannot penetrate its multiple seals, yet it can be easily operated by wet gloved hands even in the dark. The cover is permanently attached to the grip to prevent loss. No more fumbling through rucks or BDU pockets for easily lost batteries. For more information contact TangoDown LLC, Dept. SAR, 884 North Fair Oaks Avenue, Pasadena, CA 91103. Phone: 1-626-396-9847. Fax: 1-626-396-9848. Their website is www.tangodownllc.com.<strong><br><br>BREAKTHROUGH WCP’S (WEAPONS CLEANING PATCHES)</strong></p>



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<p><strong><br><br></strong>Inland Technology Incorporated has just introduced a very simple yet remarkably good product. Their Breakthrough WCP’s (Weapons Cleaning Patches) are cleaning patches that come in a sealed foil container that looks much like a small MRE package. But the neat thing about these patches is that they are pre-moistened with DoD approved Breakthrough® cleaning solvent. The Breakthrough WCP’s are designed to provide a convenient, more effective way to clean weapons while on the range, during field training exercises or while deployed. They can be carried in rucksacks, pockets and even in weapons cleaning kits. They even come in a re-sealable package. Breakthrough® is a state of the art solvent designed to help users break out of the tangle of regulations regarding emissions, disposal and industrial health hazards. Breakthrough® is a virtually odorless, low toxicity, high purity hydrocarbon solvent. It is also non-carcinogenic. Breakthrough® is used by virtually all branches of our Armed Forces and is also widely used in the aircraft industry. For more on this very handy product contact Inland Technology Incorporated, Dept. SAR, 401 East 27th Street, Tacoma, WA 98421. Phone: 1-800-552-3100. Website: www.inlandtech.com.<strong><br><br>EXTREME PERFORMANCE LUBRICANTS</strong></p>



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<p><strong><br><br></strong>Mil-Comm Products Company, Inc., has a new line of extreme performance lubricants. Their TW25B is an extreme performance grease and their MC2500 is an extreme performance oil. The TW25B is a non-toxic, non-flammable grease that is easy to apply and provides maximum performance lubrication under extreme conditions. Originally developed and now widely specified for military use, TW25B has been shown to significantly improve the performance of all types of firearms while extending the time between maintenance intervals. TW25B is a highly effective corrosion inhibitor that will not wash off, burn off or evaporate reducing wear and thus extending part life. MC2500 oil is engineered with the same technology that gives TW25B its superior performance. Unlike other oils, MC2500 will not separate, settle or evaporate. It will also not burn off or freeze in extreme low temperatures. In fact, both products have been tested from -90NF to +450NF. The products are non-toxic, non-ozone depleting, non-flammable and harmless to wood, plastic and rubber. Several Mil-Comm lubrication products are specified by the U.S. military for use on certain weapon systems. For more information contact Mil-Comm Products Company, Inc., Dept. SAR, 2 Carlton Avenue, East Rutherford, NJ 07043. Phone: 1-201-935-8561. Fax: 1-201-935-6059. Their website is www.mil-comm.com.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><em>This article first appeared in Small Arms Review V6N5 (February 2003)</em></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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